Value old stamps - Now showing: United States - Postage stamps (1847 - 2024) - 6757 stamps. 1847 Benjamin Franklin, 1706-1790 and George Washington, 1732-1799 - Bluish Paper 1.

 
These were sold at 1 1/4 pence. In 1848, an act reformed the postal system to authorize stamps in New South Wales. Thus, on January 1, 1850, NSW introduced its "Sydney Views" stamps featuring immigrants arriving at Sydney Harbor. The set comprised stamps in one-penny, two-pence, and three-pence values. The first stamps were locally engraved and .... Replacing honeywell thermostat

Here are some example values for used copies of these stamps: 1 Cent documentary, pale blue: 20 cents 2 Cent documentary, carmine rose: 30 cents 3 Cent documentary, dark blue: 30 cents to $1.50 4 Cent documentary, pale rose: 30 cents to $1.50 10 Cent documentary, dark brown: 25 cents 25 Cent documentary, purple …Generally speaking, old stamps are rarely worth a significant amount of money. However, there are rare cases where certain stamps have sold for six, sometimes even seven figures. In the U.S, stamps issued after 1930 are only worth face value. This is because any stamp issued since 1930 is considered a modern stamp.You can use a stamp catalog to look up the stamp in question and determine its age and value. Another essential factor to consider when dating old stamps is the presence of a watermark. Watermarks were used on many stamps issued before the 1950s and can be a valuable tool in identifying the age of a stamp.Get the best deals on Rare French Stamps when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. Free shipping on many items ... nystamps French Somalia Stamp O Value Imperforated Proof Mint Rare A12y3890. $0.11. Free shipping. 2 bids. ... Lot of 30 Rare Old French Colonies Stamps in very good Condition. $28.89. $7.20 shipping.all make up value stamps (e.g. 1p, 2p, 10p, £1, etc.) International Tariff stamps; All Country definitive stamps this includes Regional / Country Machins (1971- 1999) and the …How to Sell Your Stamp Collection. Call Us Today! 888-802-7880. Email Us! [email protected]. If you have a valuable stamp collection that is for sale, please call our primary buying center located at: 2029 West 75th Street. Woodridge, Illinois 60517. We are available Monday thru Saturday BY APPOINTMENT ONLY.Antique Stamp Years: Age: Old & Collectible Features: Location: Average Value(Mint Stamps) Average Value(Used Stamps) 1840s: 174 – 183 years: Embossed or hand-marked stamps with original portraits of Queen Victoria, Benjamin Franklin or George Washington: United Kingdom & United States of America: $2,500 – 17,000: $10 – 750: 1850s: 164 ...The global stamp collecting market was valued at $4.2 billion in 2020 and is expected to grow to $5.6 billion by 2027, according to a report by Market Research Future. The most expensive stamp ever sold at auction is the British Guiana 1c Magenta, which sold for $9.5 million in 2014.Nov 10, 2020 ... Comments48 · How To Get Your Stamps Certified! · How to Identify 1890's George Washington Stamp Variations · Dealer's Insights: Valuin... Canadian stamps price guide and values. The value of a canadian stamp depends on several factors such as quality and wear, supply and demand, rarity, finish and more. Values in the section are based on the market, trends, auctions and recognized books, publications and catalogs. This section also includes information on errors and varieties and ... Advertisements. 2. Apfelbaum, Inc. Since 1910, Apfelbaum, Inc. has been buying and selling quality stamps. You can get an immediate cash payment and ship your stamps to the company for free. The best part is that Apfelbaum, Inc. will even give you a comprehensive appraisal on your stamp collection for free.Forever Stamps used to be a good bet. But not now, largely because the US Postal Service actually dropped prices on first-class postage. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive n...Vintage stamps with aged & faded colors, hinged marks, and cuts are worth $1,000 – 6,000. But your stamps might be rare & more valuable if they have the …Canadian stamps price guide and values. The value of a canadian stamp depends on several factors such as quality and wear, supply and demand, rarity, finish and more. Values in the section are based on the market, trends, auctions and recognized books, publications and catalogs. This section also includes information on errors and varieties and …Get the best deals on Netherland Postage Stamps when you shop the largest online ... Netherlands old valuable collection, including post-Colonial Indonesia, 2 scans ...Determine your stamp's value. The quality and overall condition of a stamp are vital to a stamp’s value. Various features on the stamp determine its condition including gum, margins, perforation, cancellations and various types of damage. Specialists consider every single feature of a stamp before making a judgement on its overall condition.The catalogue value is also based on a stamp in perfect condition – see below. Low value stamps may be difficult to sell at any price due to limited demand and large supply. One $100 stamp may be saleable but 100 stamps at $1.00 each may not.The USPS is raising stamp prices again. The upcoming change would be the second price hike in 2023 and make the cost of a stamp 66 cents. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive n...It's the stamp that broke the Chinese internet. Earlier this week, China’s national post service unveiled a government-issued postage stamp in honor of the upcoming lunar year of t...all make up value stamps (e.g. 1p, 2p, 10p, £1, etc.) International Tariff stamps; All Country definitive stamps this includes Regional / Country Machins (1971- 1999) and the replacement Country Emblems (1999 to present)United States Stamp Values. Wondering what your old U.S. stamps are worth? The Hobbizine United States Stamp Value Guide provides market prices for stamps in both mint and used condition. More than a simple price list or catalogue, the guide's extensive illustrations and commentary make it an invaluable reference tool for stamp identification ... Wondering what your old U.S. stamps are worth? Hobbizine stamp value guides list prices in new and used condition. Highlights of the 1950-53 commemorative issues include Samuel Gompers, Boy Scouts, California Statehood, Confederate Veterans, Battle of Brooklyn, Grand Coulee Dam, Louisiana Purchase, and Gadsden Purchase. Now showing: United States - Postage stamps (1847 - 2024) - 6757 stamps. 1847 Benjamin Franklin, 1706-1790 and George Washington, 1732-1799 - Bluish Paper 1. Generally speaking, old stamps are rarely worth a significant amount of money. However, there are rare cases where certain stamps have sold for six, sometimes even seven figures. In the U.S, stamps issued after 1930 are only worth face value. This is because any stamp issued since 1930 is considered a modern stamp. Now showing: Brazil - Postage stamps (1843 - 2024) - 5115 stamps. 1843 Issues of the Empire. 1. August WM: None Design: Bulls eye Perforation: Imperforated. No.The standard First Class Forever Stamp value stayed at $0.55 and did not increase during the January 24, 2021 rate adjustments. However, the Additional Ounce Forever Stamp increased from $0.15 to $0.20 – which also impacted the Two Ounce and Three Ounce Forever Stamp values.Nov 28, 2018 · Condition. The condition of your stamp is one of the most important factors when determining stamp collection value. Expert collectors understand that perforations missing, faded colors, paper flacks, and other imperfections greatly diminish stamp value. Whether it is in the center, left, right, or covers a few parts, This marking decreases the right value of the stamp, which will not be beneficial for the seller to have one. * Perforations: There are tiny cuts to the four edges of the overall stamp, which should be in good condition to quote the right price. 2. Examine the history and rarity.It is one of the most valuable postcards because of its vintage status, historical importance, scarcity, and general setting. The Olympic three men of Carlisle postcard costs approximately $1,500. 7. Ellen Clapsaddle Signed Christmas Postcard. Image Credits: VintageHalloweenCollector.A stamp’s condition affects its value. Usually, a stamp that has never been used and is in “mint” condition is more valuable than the same stamp that has been used. Keep your stamps in a condition as close to “mint” as possible. The color: The color of the stamp should be bright. Fading can be caused by sunlight, artificial light ...Now showing: Great Britain - Postage stamps (1840 - 2024) - 5260 stamps. 1840 Queen Victoria, 1819-1901. 6. May WM: 1 Sheetsize: 240 Engraving: Charles and Frederick Heath Perforation: Imperforated. No. Stamp collections are typically categorized by value: High (worth more than $3,000): Auction houses typically accept only high value collections. Medium (worth $1,000-$3,000) Low (worth up to $1,000) Once you develop an accurate estimate of your collection’s value, you’ll be better able to reach potential buyers. Generally speaking, old stamps are rarely worth a significant amount of money. However, there are rare cases where certain stamps have sold for six, sometimes even seven figures. In the U.S, stamps issued after 1930 are only worth face value. This is because any stamp issued since 1930 is considered a modern stamp. Stamp collections are typically categorized by value: High (worth more than $3,000): Auction houses typically accept only high value collections. Medium (worth $1,000-$3,000) Low (worth up to $1,000) Once you develop an accurate estimate of your collection’s value, you’ll be better able to reach potential buyers. Do you have some older stamps that you want to identify and find out their price? Learn how to use the USPS website and other resources to search for stamp information, such as issue date, design, condition, and value. Whether you are a collector or a seller, this webpage will help you discover the history and worth of your stamps.Most countries see value changes in 2016 Scott Vol. 4. Vol. 4 of the 2016 edition of the Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue contains almost 7,500 value changes. Almost all countries in this volume — Jamaica through Mozambique Company — show some value changes. Macao tops the leaderboard, with more than 1,800. Read more >.Jan 22, 2023 ... If you have postcards that are pre-1930, those can go for anywhere from $2-$5 per card as that is what is valuable and not necessarily the stamp ...Meet other stamp collectors interested in Russia stamps. Languages: Sign up Login ; StampWorld. Catalogue My Profile Search Profiles Buy Stamps Sell Stamps About Us News Events Facebook Forum Clubs Organizations Dealers Auctions Postal Services Links Video FAQ. Russia (page 1/73) Next . Now ...It’s easy to sell stamps for cash. We’ve purchased over $8 million in postage stamps over the past 12 years, from over 20,000 satisfied customers. We Buy ALL Unused U.S.A. Postage Stamps Regardless Of Their Age *We do NOT purchase Bulk-Rate, Nonprofit-Rate, Presort-Rate, Official, Postage Due, or foreign postage stamps.Those using these stamps had to buy additional units in order to raise the value of their postage to the current postage rate. Therefore, the government added a $0.05 postage stamp showing the likeness of Benjamin Franklin, a $0.015 one showing the likeness of Martha Washington, and a $0.045 one showing an image of the White House.The first definitive postage stamps of Prince Ferdinand I was released in 1901. Prince Ferdinand and Lion of Bulgaria stamps were re-valued many times between 1901 and 1910. Bulgaria also issued several commemorative stamps, the first appearing in 1896. In 1902, Bulgaria issued a lithographed set of three stamps to commemorate the 25th ...Stamp collections are typically categorized by value: High (worth more than $3,000): Auction houses typically accept only high value collections. Medium (worth $1,000-$3,000) Low (worth up to $1,000) Once you develop an accurate estimate of your collection’s value, you’ll be better able to reach potential buyers.Today we’ll see top 5 most valuable U.S. stamps. George Washington & Alexandria “Blue Boy” Stamps. The first U.S. stamps were issued in locally in 1842 …In addition, the rarest Indian stamps include the 1854 4 anna with the blue head of Queen Victoria inverted within the red frame. Also, the 1948 10r Gandhi stamp with “Official” overprint, both important in the world philately. Considered the ‘jewel in the crown’ of the British Empire, India enjoyed the work of De La Rue's best ... 3 free resources to get stamps valued. There are a wide variety of specialist resources which can help you to discover your stamps’ background, how it was printed and its date of issue. Stamp Catalogues and Identification Books: In the UK, Gibbons publish the most used catalogue. In France, it is Yvert and Tellier and in Germany it is Michel. Look at the chart below. The Stamp Type will have these words printed on the stamp. This is how you can identify them and determine their value. 2024 Stamp Values. Updated … Most stamps marked after 1930 can still be used for postage and therefore do not share the same value as rare, old stamps. If you’re looking to sell a cool stamp that you have that is marked after 1930, chances are you’ll be looking at 40-70% of the actual price of the stamp. Nov 8, 2023 · 4. Swedish Treskilling Yellow: $4,248,000. Another top spot in the list of the most valuable stamps to look out for is held by a misprinted example. The 1855 Swedish Treskilling Yellow was part of Sweden’s first postage stamps ever produced and should have been printed in green. The value of a stamp is determined by a variety of factors, including rarity, age, condition, historical significance, country of origin, and demand from collectors. Understanding these factors is essential for both collectors and sellers. In this article, we have explored the factors that affect stamp value, the different types of stamps, how ...Historical Value. In addition to monetary value, old stamp collections often have historical and educational value as cultural artifacts and physical representations of world history. Stamps can chronicle major events, arts movements, technological innovations, and more. This history gives collections an intangible value.How to Sell Your Stamp Collection. Call Us Today! 888-802-7880. Email Us! [email protected]. If you have a valuable stamp collection that is for sale, please call our primary buying center located at: 2029 West 75th Street. Woodridge, Illinois 60517. We are available Monday thru Saturday BY APPOINTMENT ONLY. A stamp’s condition affects its value. Usually, a stamp that has never been used and is in “mint” condition is more valuable than the same stamp that has been used. Keep your stamps in a condition as close to “mint” as possible. The color: The color of the stamp should be bright. Canadian stamps price guide and values. The value of a canadian stamp depends on several factors such as quality and wear, supply and demand, rarity, finish and more. Values in the section are based on the market, trends, auctions and recognized books, publications and catalogs. This section also includes information on errors and varieties and …The 6 value of these two stamps is shown in the lower corners only, whereas the regular issues have the value in all 4 corners. This is the only pair ever recorded and about 16 singles are known to …Canadian stamps price guide and values. The value of a canadian stamp depends on several factors such as quality and wear, supply and demand, rarity, finish and more. Values in the section are based on the market, trends, auctions and recognized books, publications and catalogs. This section also includes information on errors and varieties and ...Face Value is the postage value of your stamps. In other words, it’s how much value you could use it to send mail. In this example, the face value is $0.33.. Unused U.S. postage stamps never expire. All U.S. stamps issued after 1930 are essentially worth face value if they are unused, and people still use them today to mail letters.Meet other stamp collectors interested in Denmark stamps. Languages: Sign up Login ; StampWorld. Catalogue My Profile Search Profiles Buy Stamps Sell ... 1870 -1871 Royal Emblem - New Drawing - Value in Sk. (Skilling) WM: 2 Sheetsize: 100 ...If you have stamps older than 1930, they may have premium value over the face value. However, just because a stamp is old doesn’t mean it’s valuable. The vast majority of stamps issued after 1930 have little to no value. The government printed them by the millions, and they have survived in great quantities in stamp collections and hoards. A … Apfelbaum, Inc. has been buying & selling stamps since 1910. You can trust our expertise whether you're buying or selling stamps. Contact us at 800-523-4648. The 6 value of these two stamps is shown in the lower corners only, whereas the regular issues have the value in all 4 corners. This is the only pair ever recorded and about 16 singles are known to …Get the best deals on Rare French Stamps when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. Free shipping on many items ... nystamps French Somalia Stamp O Value Imperforated Proof Mint Rare A12y3890. $0.11. Free shipping. 2 bids. ... Lot of 30 Rare Old French Colonies Stamps in very good Condition. $28.89. $7.20 shipping.So, let’s put it this way – your forever stamp will be worth the current value of first-class postage. As of January 2024, the rate of First-Class Mail Forever Stamps is $0.68 for 1 ounce. For packages up to 13 ounces, the price starts at $4.50.60 cent Air Mail overprint, 1927. 1927 60 cent Air Mail stamp is among the rarest Canadian and air post stamps and one of the most desirable philatelic items. Only 300 stamps were printed and today 33 mint examples are known to exist. The overprint means that the stamps were to be used on letters to be flown by Francesco de Pinedo, the famed ...Buy and sell stamps from Vatican-City. Meet other stamp collectors interested in Vatican-City stamps. Languages: Sign up Login ; StampWorld. Catalogue My Profile Search Profiles Buy Stamps Sell Stamps About Us News Events Facebook Forum Clubs Organizations Dealers Auctions Postal Services Links Video FAQ. Vatican City (page 1/43) Next . Now ...Do you have some older stamps that you want to identify and find out their price? Learn how to use the USPS website and other resources to search for stamp information, such as issue date, design, condition, and value. Whether you are a collector or a seller, this webpage will help you discover the history and worth of your stamps.Those using these stamps had to buy additional units in order to raise the value of their postage to the current postage rate. Therefore, the government added a $0.05 postage stamp showing the likeness of Benjamin Franklin, a $0.015 one showing the likeness of Martha Washington, and a $0.045 one showing an image of the White House.May 1, 2024 · British Guiana 1-Cent Magenta, 1856 stamp was sold in New York for $9.48 million at Sotheby's in June 2014. On June 8, 2021, Sotheby’s conducted the Three Treasures sale where the famous British Guiana One-Cent Magenta (illustrated here) was offered. The auction house estimated that the lot would fetch $10-15 million. Now showing: Mexico - Postage stamps (1856 - 2024) - 4872 stamps. 1856 Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, 1753-1811 - Handstamped with District Name. 1. August WM: None Sheetsize: 60 Design: José Villegas Engraving: José Villegas Perforation: Imperforated. No.Wondering what your old U.S. stamps are worth? Hobbizine stamp value guides list prices in new and used condition. Highlights of the 1954-80 Liberty Series include Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, Palace-Governors, Mount Vernon, Thomas Jefferson, Bunker Hill, Statue of Liberty, Abraham Lincoln, and James Monroe.Sep 14, 2020 · 1c Benjamin Franklin Z Grill, 1868. Price: $935,000. The former Postmaster general of the United States is a popular figure to feature on many US postage stamps. The most valuable of all Benjamin Franklin stamps is the 1c Benjamin Franklin Z Grill, sometimes just referred to as the Z Grill. Welcome to Stampworld.com - the largest on-line stamp catalogue. You are now just one click away from a world wide complete Stamp catalogue. Here are all the features we have to offer you: 700,000+ colour pics. 750,000+ stamps. Reg. your private website. Buy and sell stamps.If you have not been told that there is value in the collection, there is another quick check that will give you an idea if the collection has merit. If your collection has the $3, $4 and $5 stamps on this page, and the $1 and $2 stamps on this page, and the stamps are in good condition, the collection is worth a closer look. If these stamps ...Apr 5, 2024 · Damage can significantly reduce a stamp‘s value. Putting it all together, a stamp‘s grade is typically expressed on a 100 point scale, with 100 being pristine, "gem" quality. Stamps rated from 50-70 are generally considered collectible, 70-90 are very fine to extremely fine, and 90-100 are superb to perfect. Since grading is subjective ... Those using these stamps had to buy additional units in order to raise the value of their postage to the current postage rate. Therefore, the government added a $0.05 postage stamp showing the likeness of Benjamin Franklin, a $0.015 one showing the likeness of Martha Washington, and a $0.045 one showing an image of the White House.The value of a canadian stamp depends on several factors such as quality and wear, supply and demand, rarity, finish and more. Values in the section are based on the market, trends, auctions and recognized books, publications and catalogs. This section also includes information on errors and varieties and characteristics.Value: $770,000. Bottom Line: China 1897 10 Cents-on-9-Candareen. A rare 1897 10 cents-on-9-Candareen dark green Dragons and Shou stamp was auctioned off in January 2019 by Spink Hong Kong. The 10 cents surcharge mark was inverted, which is what makes this old stamp so unique.A stamp’s condition affects its value. Usually, a stamp that has never been used and is in “mint” condition is more valuable than the same stamp that has been used. Keep your stamps in a condition as close to “mint” as possible. The color: The color of the stamp should be bright.An off-center stamp, a stamp with one or two minor flaws, or a stamp with a heavy cancel, might fetch 20% of the catalog value or less. At a certain point of unattractiveness, stamps earn the label of "spacefiller." If a stamp has a high catalog value, perhaps $50 up into the hundreds, some collectors of limited means might be willing to spend ...Below are some of the rarest and most valuable stamps in the world. Please take note that thanks to the ever-available demand, the prices have increased. Also, keep in mind that there could be new philatelic rarities …

Wondering what your old U.S. stamps are worth? Hobbizine stamp value guides list prices in new and used condition. The 1970-1971 Commemorative and Regular Issues includes the Natural History and Anti-Pollution Series. . Kerry kennedy net worth

value old stamps

The 1fr dull-orange red is the scarcest stamp of France's Ceres issue and one of the most desirable philatelic items for every stamp collector. The Ceres Issue was France's first, arriving in 1849 under the French Republic. The stamps were designed by Jacques-Jean Barre. Although the items come in two basic colours (vermillion and carmine ...THAILAND SIAM OLD STAMPS COLLECTION LOT KING CHULALONGKORN !! $11.50. 3 bids. $2.50 shipping. ... there are a few things to look for to discover if you own a Thailand stamp whose value exceeds what you paid for it. Thai stamps issued in the early part of the 20th century could be rare Thailand stamps because they were printed in the wrong … Canadian stamps price guide and values. The value of a canadian stamp depends on several factors such as quality and wear, supply and demand, rarity, finish and more. Values in the section are based on the market, trends, auctions and recognized books, publications and catalogs. This section also includes information on errors and varieties and ... The Stamp Swap Out Scheme will remain open after 31 January 2023 so you can continue to swap out any old non-barcoded stamps. there are two different forms depending on the value of your stamps. One for less than £200 worth of stamps and one for more than £200 so make sure you use the correct form.Most countries see value changes in 2016 Scott Vol. 4. Vol. 4 of the 2016 edition of the Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue contains almost 7,500 value changes. Almost all countries in this volume — Jamaica through Mozambique Company — show some value changes. Macao tops the leaderboard, with more than 1,800. Read more >.The value of old stamps hinges significantly on their rarity and condition, two aspects that are closely scrutinized by collectors and appraisers alike. Rarity Certain stamps from the 19th century are exceedingly rare due to limited print runs or because they were issued in remote regions with low demand.Buy and Sell. The APS has been helping members exchange stamps since we began in 1886. What started as a basic exchange service has evolved into two ways for collectors to buy and sell philatelic material - through our Circuit Mail Sales and online at www.StampStore.org. With the APS, you can enjoy receiving material through the mail …Queen Victoria. The last 2 stamps from our list of the rarest and most valuable Canadian stamps both have the bust of Queen Victoria as a motif. Canada – 1868. 2c Large Queen (Victoria) Denomination: 2c. Price Realized: $215.000 (at Eastern Auctions) The first of these 2 stamps is also the rarest Canadian stamp.See full list on values.hobbizine.com Below are some of the rarest and most valuable stamps in the world. Please take note that thanks to the ever-available demand, the prices have increased. Also, keep in mind that there could be new philatelic rarities …Generally speaking, old stamps are rarely worth a significant amount of money. However, there are rare cases where certain stamps have sold for six, sometimes even seven figures. In the U.S, stamps issued after 1930 are only worth face value. This is because any stamp issued since 1930 is considered a modern stamp. 1901 Pan-American Issue. On May 1, 1901, the Post Office Department released the Pan American series of stamps. The first stamps of the 20th Century, the series featured then-modern transportation themes, ornately illustrated, and printed using a bi-color printing process. Immediately popular, the stamps remain darlings of United States collectors. Meet other stamp collectors interested in Russia stamps. Languages: Sign up Login ; StampWorld. Catalogue My Profile Search Profiles Buy Stamps Sell Stamps About Us News Events Facebook Forum Clubs Organizations Dealers Auctions Postal Services Links Video FAQ. Russia (page 1/73) Next . Now ...A large first class stamp now costs £1.95 – a 22 per cent jump from £1.60. Standard second class stamps have remained at the same price – 75p. But the price of a large second class stamp ...Postal Due stamps were issued for postage with insufficient pre-payment. The 1899 to 1902 issue of these stamps is worth searching for in any old stamp lot, as they can add value to your collection. Stamp Errors and Flaws: The Imperfections That Add Value. Errors and flaws can occur in stamps during printing for various reasons. While …These were sold at 1 1/4 pence. In 1848, an act reformed the postal system to authorize stamps in New South Wales. Thus, on January 1, 1850, NSW introduced its "Sydney Views" stamps featuring immigrants arriving at Sydney Harbor. The set comprised stamps in one-penny, two-pence, and three-pence values. The first stamps were locally engraved and ...Apr 6, 2024 · The value of rare US stamps has steadily climbed over the past several decades. According to the Stamp Market Index compiled by Professional Stamp Experts, the 500 rarest US stamps have appreciated by an average of 5.7% per year since 1970. In the old days of collecting–that is, when stamp collectors used to actually buy their stamps at stamp shops from stamp dealers–it was easy to get a quick education about stamps. An honest and above-board dealer would never try to sell poor quality stamps to an experienced collector–he wouldn't stay in business long. A reputable …Dealers and auction houses are only interested in high-value rare or scarce stamps with catalog values that exceed $500 per stamp and normally at least $3,000- ....

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